Context

Steps

1. Gravity coring of the uppermost sediments collected the top 41 cm with an intact water-sediment interface (Glew, Smol and Last 2001). Deeper sediments were cored with a Livingstone piston corer (Wright, Mann and Glaser 1984) that collected 348 cm in ≤100 cm segments. Cores were wrapped in plastic and aluminium foil then shipped to refrigerators at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.
2. Cores were aligned using visual inspection, magnetic susceptibility, and loss-on-ignition data to create a continuous 351.5 cm stratigraphy.
3. An age-depth model was created using BACON (Blaauw and Christen 2011) and radiocarbon dating results from 4 bulk sediment and 2 wood samples. Samples were dated at Direct AMS (Bothell, WA, USA) and calibrated with the IntCal09 curve (Reimer, et al 2009). BACON parameterization was presented in the paper (Courtney Mustaphi and Pisaric 2014). BACON parametrizations: d.min=0, d.max=351.5, acc.shape=2, acc.mean=10, mem.strength=4, mem.mean=0.7, d.by=0.5, unit=”cm”.
4. Bartington Systems MS2B and MS2E sensors were used for magnetic susceptibility at contiguous 0.5 cm intervals. Measurements were air-measure corrected after each measurement.
5. Loss-on-ignition analysis (Dean 1974): 1 cm³ subsamples at contiguous 0.5–5 cm intervals down core. Dried at 105 °C for 24 hours. Burned at 550 °C for 4 hours to estimate organic content. Reburned at 950 °C for 2 hours to estimate carbonate content.
6. At 10 cm intervals, particle size distributions were measured from 1 cm³. Organics digested with 30% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in a water bath (~75 °C). 5 mL of 50 g L^-1 sodium hexametaphosphate (Na₆P₆O₁₈) added. Triplicated measurement runs of 60 s, at 10±2% obscuration using Beckman Coulter LS 13 320 laser diffraction particle size analyser.
7. Pollen preparations (Fægri and Iversen 1989): 2 exotic Lycopodium tablets added (detail in data file; (Stockmarr 1971) to 1 cm³ subsamples taken at 10–20 cm resolution.
8. Charcoal morphotypes (Courtney Mustaphi and Pisaric 2014) were counted under a stereomicroscope from contiguous subsamples of 1–2 cm³, deflocculated in a sodium hexametaphosphate solution, wet sieved through 150 µm mesh. No bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (Schlachter and Horn 2010) was performed on these samples as the organic detritus was readily distinguishable.

Sampling strategy

Centre of lake targeted for coring. Magnetic susceptibility and macroscopic charcoal analysis were performed at contiguous high-resolution intervals. Other sedimentological and paleoecological measurements were performed at lower (decimetre) resolution down core. Subsampling volumes, procedures and treatments are presented in detail in the study (Courtney Mustaphi and Pisaric 2014).

Quality Control

Particle size distributions were run in triplicate then averaged and a laboratory standard was run at the start of each day of use to track any machine drift.

Constraints

Few attempts at replication were conducted so data have no associated error bars.

Object name

‘Pyatts Lake PiPG 2014.zip’ contains all of the files listed below:

‘Pyatts Lake data - PiPG 2014 version002.xls’ contains spreadsheets of each dataset. Each spreadsheet has also been provided as a .csv file as listed below:

1. Readme.csv
2. Site metadata.csv
3. Dating determinations.csv
4. BACON age-depth model.csv
5. Magentic susceptibility.csv
6. LOI.csv
7. Aquatic Fossils.csv
8. Ostracod Assemblages.csv
9. PSDs.csv
10. PSD-Gradistat.csv
11. Pollen Counts.csv
12. Macroscopic Charcoal.csv

‘PyattsLake-charanalysis.zip’ contains files from the input and output of CharAnalysis v1.1.

‘Pyatts Lake.kmz’ contains geospatial location of the site for use in GIS or Google Earth software.